The official name of modern Italy is the Italian Republic, which was established in 1861. It has a population of roughly 60 million and its currency is the euro. The capital city is Rome.

Are you ready to do business with the Italians? As they say, “When in Rome…”

To better understand Italian culture, here are some key points:

• Similar to the U.S. culture, Italians are highly individualistic. Their business model tends to be small, niche businesses owned by individuals and families. Italians are likely to look after themselves and their immediate family first. They prefer to do business with people they are familiar with.

• Fashion first – appearances are very important to Italian business people. They tend to be sleek and well put together with beautiful clothing, accessories and jewelry. Your dress can indicate your status and educational background. “Bella figura,” is the concept of projecting a pleasing and confident presence.

• Hierarchy – there is a clear divide between the employees of different ranks. Senior managers make the decisions.

• Power – there is respect for authority, rank and age. Preferential treatment is accorded to the most senior or oldest person at business meetings and social events, or those who are well connected, powerful or wealthy.

• Expression – Italians openly express their opinions, thoughts and feelings, often with emotion and large gestures in close proximity to each other. They often base decisions on how they’re feeling and whether they trust a potential business partner.

• Relationships are vital in business, and they take a long time to foster. Italian business people prefer to know something about you as a person before entering into business with you. Italians prefer to conduct business face to face rather than by phone or email.

• Appointments are required and should be made well in advance.

• Business cards should include your name, title and educational degree – one side should be written in Italian.