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History is defined to change. Eras shift; revolutions are staged; and philosophies are shaped to new expectations. Ideals are forever transformed and the many evolutions of Italy’s cultural movements embody this — specifically the transition to the Rococo stylings.
In 1714 the countries of Europe were dependent on the favor of the Church. All elements of life were offered to religion, with even art forced to the limitations of the Baroque period (which was dominated by realistic lines and solemn shades). Painting was deemed a spiritual medium, not a creative one; and even the Italian masters were condemned to stale imagery.
1715 saw a reformation, however — Rococo was introduced.
Defined simply, Rococo was a movement that emphasized indulgence. Brush strokes were bold; colors were lush; and surrealism was infused with frivolity. The intention was to capture mythology and romance (making it a stark counter to the periods that came before it). Straight angles were abandoned for a sweeping geometry.
The interjection of this within the Italian culture yielded great rewards. Art was able to flourish. Techniques, such as asymmetrical alignment, were explored. And oils and acrylics became more common — with painters utilizing them to great effect. Through this design became reliant on imagination, not iconography.
This ideal did not last, however. In 1760 Europe was on the precipice of change. Modern notions of invention and politics began to sway the public — with Rococo then deemed futile. It was eventually lost in the wave of Neoclassicism.
Its importance is understood today, though, and it’s now recognized as the shifting point of power from the Church to the Italian people.
